machine-design

Learn how cooling towers work — from evaporation principles and internal structure to circulating water management and maintenance tips. A complete beginner’s guide for process and plant engineers.

This article explains the fundamental functions and roles of pumps in chemical plants, including centrifugal pump operation, utility, process, and vacuum applications. Ideal for beginner M&E engineers seeking practical knowledge.

Learn the fundamentals of the beam vibration equation. This beginner-friendly guide explains how deflection, moment, and stiffness come together in vibration mechanics — without unnecessary math.

A detailed guide to two-degree-of-freedom vibration systems. Learn how to model, solve, and interpret vibration equations — with clear explanations for mechanical and plant engineers.

A beginner’s guide to seal pot structures in mechanical seals. Learn how seal pots work, what they’re made of, and why they matter in plant equipment — all explained in plain English with easy diagrams.

Learn how to choose between SS400 and SUS304 in chemical plants.This guide explains practical selection criteria, corrosion behavior, and cost-performance tips every engineer should know.

Learn what heat capacity means in chemical plants and how engineers use MCT to estimate heating needs. A beginner-friendly guide with easy examples.

Learn the main parts and internal structure of shell and tube heat exchangers — including tubes, tube sheets, shell, baffles, and tie rods — explained simply for engineers and beginners in chemical and process industries.

A practical, calculation-based guide to sizing powder storage hoppers. Learn how to convert geometric volume to usable powder capacity using repose angle, and follow step-by-step rules for concentric and eccentric hopper layouts.

Learn essential tank terminology used in chemical plant design — including heads, jackets, nozzles, weld lines, and supports — explained simply for beginner engineers.