machine-design

An easy-to-understand guide on mechanical seal support systems in chemical plants. Learn why design matters and how API 682 best practices help reduce leaks, improve safety, and simplify maintenance.

Learn the fundamentals of refrigeration systems in chemical plants, including refrigerant selection, brine types, oil management, compressor types, air- vs water-cooled systems, and multiple-unit control strategies for safe and stable operation.

A practical guide to design pressure in chemical plant tanks. Learn how to evaluate internal vs. external pressure for jacketed and non-jacketed tanks, common mistakes, and why vacuum conditions require special attention.

Learn what gland packing (gland seal) is, how it works, and where it's used in chemical plants. A clear guide to sealing mechanisms, cooling, and pros/cons vs. mechanical seals.

Understand the 3 main mechanical seal flushing plans—Plan 01, 11, and 32—based on API 682. Learn how they work, when to use them, and what to watch for in chemical plant pump systems.

Compare canned‑rotor and magnetic‑drive seal‑less pumps: how they work, material differences, cooling behavior, and when to choose each type.

Learn the basics of designing a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for chemical plants. This beginner-friendly guide covers material selection, flow velocity, baffle spacing, and more.